The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) has alerted Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, that it may pursue legal action over alleged improper acquisition and use of consumers’ financial data for targeted advertising. According to a recent filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Meta is under investigation for potentially incorporating financial data from third-party sources into its highly profitable advertising operations.
The CFPB probe focuses specifically on Meta’s advertising practices for financial products and services, though the filing does not specify if the issue involves Facebook, Instagram, or both platforms. While Meta disputes the allegations, it disclosed that it received a formal investigation notice from the CFPB on September 18, indicating that the bureau is evaluating potential violations of the Consumer Financial Protection Act. This law protects consumers from deceptive financial practices, raising concerns over Meta’s approach to integrating third-party financial information.
Meta’s spokesperson declined to comment on the ongoing investigation, though the filing states that the company believes enforcement action is “unwarranted.” The CFPB also withheld public comment on the matter. The probe underscores the increased scrutiny on Meta’s advertising model, especially following Meta’s recent third-quarter revenue announcement of $41 billion, which reflects a 19% increase from the previous year. This growth stems largely from its targeted advertising practices, which have attracted regulatory attention worldwide over privacy concerns.
The CFPB investigation adds to Meta’s lengthy history of regulatory challenges. In 2019, Meta paid a $5 billion fine to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to resolve privacy violations related to the Cambridge Analytica scandal. More recently, the European Union fined Meta $1.3 billion over the alleged transfer of EU user data to the U.S. without adequate privacy safeguards.
As the CFPB weighs potential legal actions, including financial penalties and equitable relief, Meta faces mounting pressure to address its data practices. This probe highlights the growing regulatory focus on big tech’s handling of sensitive consumer information and reflects broader concerns over privacy and consumer protection in an era of data-driven advertising.

